Statistics:

The world Jewish population is estimated at 13.8 million, out of the 7.55 billion human beings.

This represents a ratio of: 0.18 %.

Yet, people of Jewish faith or origin are over-represented in the Nobel Prize laureates.

They represented in 2016:

24.5% of Nobel Prizes in Physics.
18% of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
8.8 % of the Nobel Prize in Literature

Some countries, such as the United States, have the majority of laureates.

This can be explained by the excellence of their schools and research sites, but also by the fact that some laureates have emigrated to the United States (foreign-born), or are children of parents who fled Nazi Germany.
(For example, the Nobel Prize for Medicine 2017: Michael Rosbash).

Yet again, people of Jewish faith or origin are overrepresented in the Nobel Prize laureates.

If it represents only 1.8% of the American population, it represents:

25.8 % of Nobel Prizes in Physics.
18.45 % of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Which is roughly the global distribution.

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